Produção Científica



Apresentação
18/11/2019

Deep Structures Seismic Enhancement Using Singular Spectral Analysis in Time and Frequency Domain - Application in a Parnaíba Basin Line – Brazil
Land data seismic processing has always been a task of great challenge for industry, part because of statics problem and part because of the level of noise this kind of data usually has. In this paper we discuss the importance of a powerful filtering flow, designed for a special case scenario where there is a high level noise land data with duration of 20 seconds. We tested a recursive-iterative Singular Spectrum Analysis (RI-SSA) method, in time and frequency domain, on a subset of a regional transect seismic line of the Parnaíba basin (Northeast of Brazil), with the idea of map deep structures from crust and interface crust-mantle. Since the structures of interest are between 8 and 15 seconds, only low frequency is desired. For this, we have applied the RI-SSA method along the time variable, to explore the correlation between the reflections, followed by the filtering, along the frequency variable, to explore the correlation between seismograms. The obtained results are very satisfactory.
Apresentação
13/11/2019

Recursive-iterative Zero-phase Filtering via Singular Spectrum Analysis
We present a recursive-iterative Singular Spectrum Analysis (RI-SSA) algorithm which explores the time-correlation between reflected events. The RI-SSA algorithm depends on the first eigenimage of the SVD of the data matrix only. It is formed by letting each column be the data vector shifted one place down. The first eigenimage is related to the part of the signal with most strong correlation along the time variable and may be transformed to a time signal, which mainly consists of the low-frequency part of the input signal. We show that this corresponds to filtering the data with a symmetric zero-phase filter, which is the autocorrelation of the first eigenvector associated to the time variable. The computational implementation may be done using the power-method in a recursive scheme, increasing the order of the data matrix, by increasing the number of shifted traces. This improves the separation of the input data in a low-frequency and high-frequency component. This separation may be further improved by adding iterations. The output of the RI-SSA algorithm is the low and high frequency part of the signal. We illustrate the effectiveness of this new approach to the prediction and subtraction of the ground-roll.
Apresentação
13/11/2019

Evaluation of Borehole Effect of Mud Filtrate on Density Logging and a Brief Analysis of its Impact on Well-Seismic Tying
The application of seismic data in reservoir characterization, direct hydrocarbon indication and production monitoring rely on the accuracy of elastic logs (Vásquez et al., 2004), which can be damaged by the mud filtrate invasion associated to the borehole condition. Corrections on density log sometimes are neglected, however, meaningful improvements on the correlation of the well to seismic tie can be achieved by performing proper rectifications. For this reason, in this paper we present a analysis of the impacts of borehole enlargement on the well-to-seismic tie based on density modelling and on a analysis of the caliper log.
Apresentação
13/11/2019

Signal analysis and time-frequency representation using SSA and adaptive AR methods
We apply the Singular Spectral Analysis (SSA) method in an iterative and recursive way to estimate individual components of the signal. Following we apply the short time autoregressive method to obtain a time-frequency representation of the signal. For the computing of the instantaneous frequency we provide a new equation which depend on a single autoregressive coefficient. The effectiveness of the new approach is demonstrated in a synthetic data example and in the removal of ground-roll noise from land seismic data.
Apresentação
13/11/2019

Combining tilt derivative filters: new approaches to enhance magnetic anomalies
We extend the concept of two earlier enhancement techniques based on the local phase of the magnetic anomaly, namely the vertical (TDR) and horizontal (TDX) tilt angles, which are defined by the inverse tangent of ratios involving the total horizontal gradient and the vertical derivative. These filters are useful to locate both shallow and deep sources, because they equalize the signal amplitudes. The proposed approach is based on the addition and subtraction of TDR and TDX. The TDR+TDX filter produces constant values over the causative bodies, while TDR-TDX generates peaks over the center of bodies and is constant out of them. By applying the proposed techniques to synthetic and aeromagnetic data we show that they locate more clearly the centers and edges of the sources in comparison to TDR and TDX, respectively. The combined filters have essentially the same computational cost as TDR and TDX and can replace them as auxiliary interpretation tools.Keywords: Qualitative Methods, Local Phase Filters, Aeromagnetic Data.RESUMO. Estendemos o conceito de duas técnicas de realce baseadas na fase local da anomalia magnética: as inclinações do sinal analítico (TDR) e do gradiente horizontal total (TDX), definidos pelo arco tangente de razões envolvendo o gradiente horizontal total e a derivada vertical. Estes filtros são úteis para localizar tanto fontes rasas quanto profundas. O método proposto baseia-se na adição e subtração dos filtros TDR e TDX. O filtro TDR+TDX produz valores constantes sobre as fontes causadoras, enquanto que o TDR-TDX produz picos sobre o centro dos corpos e é constante onde fontes causadoras não são verificadas. Aplicando as técnicas propostas aos dados sintéticos e reais mostra-se que elas localizam mais claramente os centros e as bordas dos corpos em comparação com o TDR e o TDX, respectivamente. Os filtros combinados têm essencialmente o mesmo custo computacional dos filtros originais, TDR e TDX, e podem substituí-los como ferramentas de interpretação.Palavras-chave: Métodos Qualitativos, Filtros de Fase Local, Dados Aeromagnéticos. Federal
Apresentação
13/11/2019

2D Poststack Seismic Data Inversion with Curvelet Denoising Preconditioning
Seismic inversion methods are highly sensitive to the noise present in the data set. The need to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) motivates the researchers do develop increasingly sophisticated denoising methods and combine them into other techniques. While some methodologies operate on a single scale, the curvelet transform established itself as multi-scale transform useful to decompose the seismic signals into multi-resolution elements. In this study, we evaluate the benefits of curvelet denoising as a preconditioning method to poststack seismic data in an 2D acoustic inversion processing using a Bayesian framework. Our tests on a synthetic data set modelled from the Marmousi model and the real data set from the Brazilian offshore Campos Basin have shown that the curvelet thresholding method can be successfully applied for random noise elimination. Even the use of a hard global threshold might allow improvements in the deepest parts. Future work will have to show whether alternatives that ensure a more robust way of selecting the coefficients can take into account the wavelength change with depth variation.
Apresentação
13/11/2019

Sequence Stratigraphy of Rift Successions - A Conceptual Model
Due to the basins asymmetry and the subsidence controlled by one major fault zone, the accommodation space within a rift basin is variable, and the popular passive-margin-based sequence stratigraphic scheme, where depositional systems tracts develop following a predictable order during a complete cycle of base-level change, is not applicable. For a practical and useful stratigraphic analysis of rift basins, conceptual and methodological adaptations are required. The present paper discusses and exemplifies these adaptations, proposing an integrative sequence stratigraphic conceptual model with two different scenarios (gradual and punctuated subsidence) and defining three tectono-stratigraphic phases: (1) the rift initiation phase, which is characterized by isolated and restricted faults which create incipient half-grabens, infilled with fluvial and deltaic facies; (2) the rift development phase, during which the initial rift faults tend to link and to form a larger and deeper depositional area, recording lacustrine facies with an overall retrogradational trend, and; (3) rift termination phase, when the accommodation decreases, the sedimentation regime is progradational, and the rift basin is filled with fluvio-deltaic and eolian facies. The model is illustrated with examples from two adjacent rift basins from the northeastern region of Brazil, the RecÔncavo and Camamu basins.
Apresentação
13/11/2019

Seismic Attributes and Time-Frequency analysis by using Wigner-Ville distribution combined with the Maximum Entropy Method
The growing need for more defined images of seismic attributes for analysis and description of reservoirs encourages the development of new methods that are capable of displaying high resolution images of seismic attributes. Therewith, we propose the use of the method called Maximum Entropy of Wigner-Ville (MEM-WV), that combines the distribution of Wigner-Ville with the Burg's Maximum Entropy method, in order to get the high resolution power spectrum of the seismic signal. In this method, the power spectrum is obtained by doing Fourier Transform (FT) of each Kernel term of Wigner-Ville, and then by estimating and extending each Kernel sequence. In order to better describe hydrocarbon reservoirs, this work will favor the achievement of structural, stratigraphic and geomorphological attributes with higher resolution.
Apresentação
13/11/2019

Nova abordagem iterativa e multifrequência em tomografia geofísica de difração
Seismic tomography is used in reservoir geophysics as an important method for high resolution imaging. The classic Born approach, used in monochromatic diffraction tomography in the condition of weak scattering, has as a limitation the need for prior knowledge of the background velocity. In this work we propose several iterative approaches of tomographic inversion, where the background velocity field is updated at each iteration, but the knowledge true background is not required. In addition to the iterative process, one can choose to use a single frequency or several frequencies at each inversion. In the first approach, a single frequency is used, which is kept constant. In the second, at each iteration, several frequencies are used simultaneously, which are also kept constant. In the third, in addition to the background velocity, the working frequency is also updated. Finally, in the last approach, the multiple frequencies used simultaneously, are updated iteration to iteration. The proposed approaches were tested in a synthetic model containing a dipping layer and a paleochannel with well to well acquisition geometry. The data were contaminated with Gaussian noise. The iterative process, together with the use of multiple frequencies, generated good results with small velocity and model parameter errors.
Apresentação
13/11/2019

De–Primary TTI–RTM Using the P–Pure Analytical Wavefield
Based on the relation between the real and imaginary components of the analytical wavefield, an im- proved scheme to construct its imaginary part by solving the TTI pure–P wave equation only once is proposed in this work. Our scheme requires the calculation of the first time derivative of the real wave- field and the application of the inverse of a pseudo–differential operator. For time extrapolation of the real wavefield and its first order time derivative, we employed the rapid expansion method, which is unconditionally stable and free of numerical noise. To apply the spatial and spectral terms of the inverse pseudo–differential operator in an explicit manner, the definition of the wavefront propagation direction is introduced. The proposed method can improve the computation of analytical wavefield, therefore, separate the wavefield into down– and up–going components for each time step in an explicit way. This allows us to employ the causal imaging condition for TTI–RTM practical applications. Moreover, the de–primary migration result shows that it successfully remove the low–wavenumber artifacts typical from conventional RTM.
<<  <   1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  10  11  12  13  14  15  16  17  18  19  20  21  22  23   >  >>